My tools serve me, not the other way around. It’s not worth the time and effort to wash by hand or sharpen on a whetstone. I don’t need an expensive knife to cook at home. A pull through sharpener and honing steel are adequate. Get the right material and you don’t have to worry about the metal in the dishwasher.
It bounces it around from the jets of water.
There’s also abrasive in the detergent IIRC, but idk if that would make any appreciable difference.